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The collection of waste paper in various categories is a major industry carried out by subsidiary organizations, specialist firms or government agencies. The economics and organizations vary from country to country. While market forces set prices as a rule, collection is sometimes driven by government requirements to utilize certain proportions of recycled fiber when making specific grades of paper and board. The paper for collection must be segregated as far as practical into groups so that pulping characteristics are reasonably uniform and the pulps produced have consistent, distinct properties which enable them to be used for specific grades of paper. The European standard qualities of waste paper (3) define four grades (ordinary, medium, high and kraft qualities) called A, B, C and D respectively each subdivided into between 6 and 19 qualities which reflect both the practicalities of collecting segregated waste and the technical demands of the user. |
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